ABSTRACT

Cybersecurity is of paramount importance at the individual, corporate, and public levels. At the individual level, cybersecurity is essential to protect personal information online, preventing data and identity theft and financial loss. At the corporate level, cybersecurity plays a critical role in protecting confidential corporate information and intellectual property. Organizations must ensure the integrity of their systems to maintain customer confidence and remain competitive in the marketplace. Data leaks and cyber-attacks can have serious financial and legal consequences for companies. At the public level, cybersecurity is essential for national security and the protection of citizens. The state must be prepared to protect critical infrastructure, including energy networks, transportation systems, and communications networks. With a population of nearly 60 million people and serious demographic, educational, and economic challenges, Italy has a lot at stake in terms of cyber defense: the growth rate of detected cyber attacks is skyrocketing, with a +169% increase between 2021 and 2022, compared to an average global increase of 21%. According to the Italian police report on the extent of online fraud committed in the first half of 2023 (a period of only six months!), a total of 7,661 cases were reported in five categories (real estate, emotional fraud, online trading, e-commerce, other), with a total of €58,253,567 in material damage.

KEYWORDS

cyberspace| cybersecurity | SMEs | Italy | vulnerability

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